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doc: cookbook: Adding a section "Running Guix on a Linode Server"
* doc/guix-cookbook.texi (Running Guix on a Linode Server): I added a section that explains how to run guix on a linode server. Thanks Chris Webber! Signed-off-by: Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org>
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Joshua Branson
Ludovic Courtès
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@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Matthew Brooks@*
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Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Marcin Karpezo@*
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Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Brice Waegeneire@*
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Copyright @copyright{} 2020 André Batista@*
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Copyright @copyright{} 2020 Christopher Lemmer Webber
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
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@ -1348,6 +1349,7 @@ reference.
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* Customizing the Kernel:: Creating and using a custom Linux kernel on Guix System.
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* Connecting to Wireguard VPN:: Connecting to a Wireguard VPN.
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* Customizing a Window Manager:: Handle customization of a Window manager on Guix System.
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* Running Guix on a Linode Server:: Running Guix on a Linode Server
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* Setting up a bind mount:: Setting up a bind mount in the file-systems definition.
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* Getting substitutes from Tor:: Configuring Guix daemon to get substitutes through Tor.
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@end menu
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@ -1760,6 +1762,246 @@ your screen but not suspend it, it's a good idea to notify xss-lock about this s
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confusion occurs. This can be done by executing @code{xset s activate} immediately
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before you execute slock.
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@node Running Guix on a Linode Server
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@section Running Guix on a Linode Server
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@cindex linode, Linode
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To run Guix on a server hosted by @uref{https://www.linode.com, Linode},
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start with a recommended Debian server. We recommend using the default
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distro as a way to bootstrap Guix. Create your SSH keys.
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@example
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ssh-keygen
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@end example
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Be sure to add your SSH key for easy login to the remote server.
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This is trivially done via Linode's graphical interface for adding
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SSH keys. Go to your profile and click add SSH Key.
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Copy into it the output of:
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@example
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cat ~/.ssh/<username>_rsa.pub
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@end example
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Power the Linode down. In the Linode's Disks/Configurations tab, resize
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the Debian disk to be smaller. 30 GB is recommended.
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In the Linode settings, "Add a disk", with the following:
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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Label: "Guix"
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@item
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Filesystem: ext4
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@item
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Set it to the remaining size
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@end itemize
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On the "configuration" field that comes with the default image, press
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"..." and select "Edit", then on that menu add to @file{/dev/sdc} the "Guix"
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label.
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Now "Add a Configuration", with the following:
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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Label: Guix
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@item
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Kernel:GRUB 2 (it's at the bottom! This step is @b{IMPORTANT!})
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@item
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Block device assignment:
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@item
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@file{/dev/sda}: Guix
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@item
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@file{/dev/sdb}: swap
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@item
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Root device: @file{/dev/sda}
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@item
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Turn off all the filesystem/boot helpers
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@end itemize
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Now power it back up, picking the Debian configuration. Once it's
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booted up, ssh in your server via @code{ssh
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root@@@var{<your-server-IP-here>}}. (You can find your server IP address in
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your Linode Summary section.) Now you can run the "install guix from
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@pxref{Binary Installation,,, guix, GNU Guix}" steps:
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@example
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sudo apt-get install gpg
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wget https://sv.gnu.org/people/viewgpg.php?user_id=15145 -qO - | gpg --import -
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wget https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/guix.git/plain/etc/guix-install.sh
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chmod +x guix-install.sh
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./guix-install.sh
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guix pull
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@end example
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Now it's time to write out a config for the server. The key information
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is below. Save the resulting file as @file{guix-config.scm}.
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@lisp
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(use-modules (gnu)
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(guix modules))
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(use-service-modules networking
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ssh)
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(use-package-modules admin
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certs
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package-management
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ssh
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tls)
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(operating-system
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(host-name "my-server")
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(timezone "America/New_York")
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(locale "en_US.UTF-8")
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;; This goofy code will generate the grub.cfg
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;; without installing the grub bootloader on disk.
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(bootloader (bootloader-configuration
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(bootloader
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(bootloader
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(inherit grub-bootloader)
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(installer #~(const #t))))))
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(file-systems (cons (file-system
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(device "/dev/sda")
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(mount-point "/")
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(type "ext4"))
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%base-file-systems))
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(swap-devices (list "/dev/sdb"))
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(initrd-modules (cons "virtio_scsi" ; Needed to find the disk
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%base-initrd-modules))
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(users (cons (user-account
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(name "janedoe")
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(group "users")
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;; Adding the account to the "wheel" group
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;; makes it a sudoer.
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(supplementary-groups '("wheel"))
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(home-directory "/home/janedoe"))
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%base-user-accounts))
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(packages (cons* nss-certs ;for HTTPS access
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openssh-sans-x
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%base-packages))
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(services (cons*
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(service dhcp-client-service-type)
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(service openssh-service-type
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(openssh-configuration
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(openssh openssh-sans-x)
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(password-authentication? #f)
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(authorized-keys
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`(("janedoe" ,(local-file "janedoe_rsa.pub"))
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("root" ,(local-file "janedoe_rsa.pub"))))))
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%base-services)))
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@end lisp
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Replace the following fields in the above configuration:
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@lisp
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(host-name "my-server") ; replace with your server name
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; if you chose a linode server outside the U.S., then
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; use tzselect to find a correct timezone string
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(timezone "America/New_York") ; if needed replace timezone
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(name "janedoe") ; replace with your username
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("janedoe" ,(local-file "janedoe_rsa.pub")) ; replace with your ssh key
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("root" ,(local-file "janedoe_rsa.pub")) ; replace with your ssh key
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@end lisp
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The last line in the above example lets you log into the server as root
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and set the initial root password. After you have done this, you may
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delete that line from your configuration and reconfigure to prevent root
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login.
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Save your ssh public key (eg: @file{~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub}) as
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@file{@var{<your-username-here>}_rsa.pub} and your
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@file{guix-config.scm} in the same directory. In a new terminal run
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these commands.
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@example
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sftp root@@<remote server ip address>
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put /home/<username>/ssh/id_rsa.pub .
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put /path/to/linode/guix-config.scm .
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@end example
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In your first terminal, mount the guix drive:
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@example
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mkdir /mnt/guix
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mount /dev/sdc /mnt/guix
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@end example
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Due to the way we set things up above, we do not install GRUB
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completely. Instead we install only our grub configuration file. So we
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need to copy over some of the other GRUB stuff that is already there:
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@example
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mkdir -p /mnt/guix/boot/grub
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cp -r /boot/grub/* /mnt/guix/boot/grub/
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@end example
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Now initialize the Guix installation:
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@example
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guix system init guix-config.scm /mnt/guix
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@end example
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Ok, power it down!
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Now from the Linode console, select boot and select "Guix".
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Once it boots, you should be able to log in via SSH! (The server config
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will have changed though.) You may encounter an error like:
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@example
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$ ssh root@@<server ip address>
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@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
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@ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @
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@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
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IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!
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Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!
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It is also possible that a host key has just been changed.
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The fingerprint for the ECDSA key sent by the remote host is
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SHA256:0B+wp33w57AnKQuHCvQP0+ZdKaqYrI/kyU7CfVbS7R4.
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Please contact your system administrator.
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Add correct host key in /home/joshua/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.
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Offending ECDSA key in /home/joshua/.ssh/known_hosts:3
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ECDSA host key for 198.58.98.76 has changed and you have requested strict checking.
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Host key verification failed.
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@end example
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Either delete @file{~/.ssh/known_hosts} file, or delete the offending line
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starting with your server IP address.
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Be sure to set your password and root's password.
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@example
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ssh root@@<remote ip address>
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passwd ; for the root password
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passwd <username> ; for the user password
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@end example
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You may not be able to run the above commands at this point. If you
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have issues remotely logging into your linode box via SSH, then you may
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still need to set your root and user password initially by clicking on
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the ``Launch Console'' option in your linode. Choose the ``Glish''
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instead of ``Weblish''. Now you should be able to ssh into the machine.
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Horray! At this point you can shut down the server, delete the
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Debian disk, and resize the Guix to the rest of the size.
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Congratulations!
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By the way, if you save it as a disk image right at this point, you'll
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have an easy time spinning up new Guix images! You may need to
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down-size the Guix image to 6144MB, to save it as an image. Then you
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can resize it again to the max size.
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@node Setting up a bind mount
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@section Setting up a bind mount
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