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605 lines
22 KiB
Scheme
605 lines
22 KiB
Scheme
;;; GNU Guix --- Functional package management for GNU
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;;; Copyright © 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org>
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;;; Copyright © 2017 Mathieu Othacehe <m.othacehe@gmail.com>
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;;; Copyright © 2019 Guillaume Le Vaillant <glv@posteo.net>
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;;;
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;;; This file is part of GNU Guix.
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;;;
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;;; GNU Guix is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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;;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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;;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
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;;; your option) any later version.
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;;;
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;;; GNU Guix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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;;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
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;;;
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;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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;;; along with GNU Guix. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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(define-module (gnu build linux-boot)
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#:use-module (rnrs io ports)
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#:use-module (system repl error-handling)
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#:autoload (system repl repl) (start-repl)
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#:use-module (srfi srfi-1)
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#:use-module (srfi srfi-9)
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#:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
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#:use-module (ice-9 match)
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#:use-module (ice-9 rdelim)
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#:use-module (ice-9 regex)
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#:use-module (ice-9 ftw)
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#:use-module (guix build utils)
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#:use-module ((guix build syscalls)
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#:hide (file-system-type))
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#:use-module (gnu build linux-modules)
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#:use-module (gnu build file-systems)
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#:use-module (gnu system file-systems)
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#:export (mount-essential-file-systems
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linux-command-line
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find-long-option
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find-long-options
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make-essential-device-nodes
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make-hurd-device-nodes
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make-static-device-nodes
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configure-qemu-networking
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device-number
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boot-system))
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;;; Commentary:
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;;;
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;;; Utility procedures useful in a Linux initial RAM disk (initrd). Note that
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;;; many of these use procedures not yet available in vanilla Guile (`mount',
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;;; `load-linux-module', etc.); these are provided by a Guile patch used in
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;;; the GNU distribution.
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;;;
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;;; Code:
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(define* (mount-essential-file-systems #:key (root "/"))
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"Mount /dev, /proc, and /sys under ROOT."
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(define (scope dir)
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(string-append root
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(if (string-suffix? "/" root)
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""
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"/")
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dir))
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(unless (file-exists? (scope "proc"))
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(mkdir (scope "proc")))
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(mount "none" (scope "proc") "proc")
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(unless (file-exists? (scope "dev"))
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(mkdir (scope "dev")))
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(mount "none" (scope "dev") "devtmpfs")
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(unless (file-exists? (scope "sys"))
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(mkdir (scope "sys")))
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(mount "none" (scope "sys") "sysfs"))
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(define (move-essential-file-systems root)
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"Move currently mounted essential file systems to ROOT."
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(for-each (lambda (dir)
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(let ((target (string-append root dir)))
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(unless (file-exists? target)
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(mkdir target))
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(mount dir target "" MS_MOVE)))
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'("/dev" "/proc" "/sys")))
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(define (linux-command-line)
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"Return the Linux kernel command line as a list of strings."
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(string-tokenize
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(call-with-input-file "/proc/cmdline"
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get-string-all)))
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(define (find-long-option option arguments)
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"Find OPTION among ARGUMENTS, where OPTION is something like \"--load\".
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Return the value associated with OPTION, or #f on failure."
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(let ((opt (string-append option "=")))
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(and=> (find (cut string-prefix? opt <>)
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arguments)
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(lambda (arg)
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(substring arg (+ 1 (string-index arg #\=)))))))
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(define (find-long-options option arguments)
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"Find OPTIONs among ARGUMENTS, where OPTION is something like \"console\".
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Return the values associated with OPTIONs as a list, or the empty list if
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OPTION doesn't appear in ARGUMENTS."
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(let ((opt (string-append option "=")))
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(filter-map (lambda (arg)
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(and (string-prefix? opt arg)
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(substring arg (+ 1 (string-index arg #\=)))))
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arguments)))
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(define* (make-disk-device-nodes base major #:optional (minor 0))
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"Make the block device nodes around BASE (something like \"/root/dev/sda\")
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with the given MAJOR number, starting with MINOR."
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(mknod base 'block-special #o644 (device-number major minor))
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(let loop ((i 1))
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(when (< i 16)
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(mknod (string-append base (number->string i))
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'block-special #o644 (device-number major (+ minor i)))
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(loop (+ i 1)))))
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;; Representation of a /dev node.
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(define-record-type <device-node>
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(device-node name type major minor module)
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device-node?
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(name device-node-name)
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(type device-node-type)
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(major device-node-major)
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(minor device-node-minor)
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(module device-node-module))
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(define (read-static-device-nodes port)
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"Read from PORT a list of <device-node> written in the format used by
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/lib/modules/*/*.devname files."
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(let loop ((line (read-line port)))
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(if (eof-object? line)
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'()
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(match (string-split line #\space)
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(((? (cut string-prefix? "#" <>)) _ ...)
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(loop (read-line port)))
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((module-name device-name device-spec)
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(let* ((device-parts
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(string-match "([bc])([0-9][0-9]*):([0-9][0-9]*)"
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device-spec))
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(type-string (match:substring device-parts 1))
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(type (match type-string
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("c" 'char-special)
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("b" 'block-special)))
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(major-string (match:substring device-parts 2))
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(major (string->number major-string 10))
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(minor-string (match:substring device-parts 3))
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(minor (string->number minor-string 10)))
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(cons (device-node device-name type major minor module-name)
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(loop (read-line port)))))
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(_
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(begin
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(format (current-error-port)
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"read-static-device-nodes: ignored devname line '~a'~%" line)
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(loop (read-line port))))))))
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(define* (mkdir-p* dir #:optional (mode #o755))
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"This is a variant of 'mkdir-p' that works around
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<http://bugs.gnu.org/24659> by passing MODE explicitly in each 'mkdir' call."
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(define absolute?
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(string-prefix? "/" dir))
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(define not-slash
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(char-set-complement (char-set #\/)))
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(let loop ((components (string-tokenize dir not-slash))
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(root (if absolute?
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""
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".")))
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(match components
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((head tail ...)
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(let ((path (string-append root "/" head)))
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(catch 'system-error
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(lambda ()
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(mkdir path mode)
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(loop tail path))
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(lambda args
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(if (= EEXIST (system-error-errno args))
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(loop tail path)
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(apply throw args))))))
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(() #t))))
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(define (report-system-error name . args)
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"Report a system error for the file NAME."
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(let ((errno (system-error-errno args)))
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(format (current-error-port) "could not create '~a': ~a~%" name
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(strerror errno))))
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;; Catch a system-error, log it and don't die from it.
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(define-syntax-rule (catch-system-error name exp)
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(catch 'system-error
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(lambda ()
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exp)
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(lambda args
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(apply report-system-error name args))))
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;; Create a device node like the <device-node> passed here on the file system.
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(define create-device-node
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(match-lambda
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(($ <device-node> xname type major minor module)
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(let ((name (string-append "/dev/" xname)))
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(mkdir-p* (dirname name))
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(catch-system-error name
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(mknod name type #o600 (device-number major minor)))))))
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(define* (make-static-device-nodes linux-release-module-directory)
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"Create static device nodes required by the given Linux release.
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This is required in order to solve a chicken-or-egg problem:
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The Linux kernel has a feature to autoload modules when a device is first
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accessed.
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And udev has a feature to set the permissions of static nodes correctly
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when it is starting up and also to automatically create nodes when hardware
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is hotplugged. That leaves universal device files which are not linked to
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one specific hardware device. These we have to create."
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(let ((devname-name (string-append linux-release-module-directory "/"
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"modules.devname")))
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(for-each create-device-node
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(call-with-input-file devname-name
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read-static-device-nodes))))
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(define* (make-essential-device-nodes #:optional (root "/"))
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"Make essential device nodes under ROOT/dev."
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;; The hand-made devtmpfs/udev!
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(define (scope dir)
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(string-append root
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(if (string-suffix? "/" root)
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""
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"/")
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dir))
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(unless (file-exists? (scope "dev"))
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(mkdir (scope "dev")))
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;; Make the device nodes for SCSI disks.
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(make-disk-device-nodes (scope "dev/sda") 8)
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(make-disk-device-nodes (scope "dev/sdb") 8 16)
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(make-disk-device-nodes (scope "dev/sdc") 8 32)
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(make-disk-device-nodes (scope "dev/sdd") 8 48)
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;; SCSI CD-ROM devices (aka. "/dev/sr0" etc.).
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(mknod (scope "dev/scd0") 'block-special #o644 (device-number 11 0))
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(mknod (scope "dev/scd1") 'block-special #o644 (device-number 11 1))
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;; The virtio (para-virtualized) block devices, as supported by QEMU/KVM.
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(make-disk-device-nodes (scope "dev/vda") 252)
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;; Memory (used by Xorg's VESA driver.)
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(mknod (scope "dev/mem") 'char-special #o640 (device-number 1 1))
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(mknod (scope "dev/kmem") 'char-special #o640 (device-number 1 2))
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;; Inputs (used by Xorg.)
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(unless (file-exists? (scope "dev/input"))
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(mkdir (scope "dev/input")))
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(mknod (scope "dev/input/mice") 'char-special #o640 (device-number 13 63))
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(mknod (scope "dev/input/mouse0") 'char-special #o640 (device-number 13 32))
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(mknod (scope "dev/input/event0") 'char-special #o640 (device-number 13 64))
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;; System console. This node is magically created by the kernel on the
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;; initrd's root, so don't try to create it in that case.
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(unless (string=? root "/")
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(mknod (scope "dev/console") 'char-special #o600
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(device-number 5 1)))
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;; TTYs.
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(mknod (scope "dev/tty") 'char-special #o600
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(device-number 5 0))
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(chmod (scope "dev/tty") #o666)
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(let loop ((n 0))
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(and (< n 50)
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(let ((name (format #f "dev/tty~a" n)))
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(mknod (scope name) 'char-special #o600
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(device-number 4 n))
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(loop (+ 1 n)))))
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;; Serial line.
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(mknod (scope "dev/ttyS0") 'char-special #o660
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(device-number 4 64))
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;; Pseudo ttys.
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(mknod (scope "dev/ptmx") 'char-special #o666
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(device-number 5 2))
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(chmod (scope "dev/ptmx") #o666)
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;; Create /dev/pts; it will be mounted later, at boot time.
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(unless (file-exists? (scope "dev/pts"))
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(mkdir (scope "dev/pts")))
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;; Rendez-vous point for syslogd.
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(mknod (scope "dev/log") 'socket #o666 0)
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(mknod (scope "dev/kmsg") 'char-special #o600 (device-number 1 11))
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;; Other useful nodes, notably relied on by guix-daemon.
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(for-each (match-lambda
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((file major minor)
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(mknod (scope file) 'char-special #o666
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(device-number major minor))
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(chmod (scope file) #o666)))
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'(("dev/null" 1 3)
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("dev/zero" 1 5)
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("dev/full" 1 7)
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("dev/random" 1 8)
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("dev/urandom" 1 9)))
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(symlink "/proc/self/fd" (scope "dev/fd"))
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(symlink "/proc/self/fd/0" (scope "dev/stdin"))
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(symlink "/proc/self/fd/1" (scope "dev/stdout"))
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(symlink "/proc/self/fd/2" (scope "dev/stderr"))
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;; Loopback devices.
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(let loop ((i 0))
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(when (< i 8)
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(mknod (scope (string-append "dev/loop" (number->string i)))
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'block-special #o660
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(device-number 7 i))
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(loop (+ 1 i))))
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;; File systems in user space (FUSE).
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(mknod (scope "dev/fuse") 'char-special #o666 (device-number 10 229)))
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(define* (make-hurd-device-nodes #:optional (root "/"))
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"Make some of the nodes needed on GNU/Hurd."
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(define (scope dir)
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(string-append root
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(if (string-suffix? "/" root)
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""
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"/")
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dir))
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(mkdir (scope "dev"))
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(for-each (lambda (file)
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(call-with-output-file (scope file)
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(lambda (port)
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(chmod port #o666))))
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'("dev/null"
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"dev/zero"
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"dev/full"
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"dev/random"
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"dev/urandom"))
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;; Don't create /dev/console, /dev/vcs, etc.: they are created by
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;; console-run on first boot.
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(mkdir (scope "servers"))
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(mkdir (scope "servers/socket"))
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;; Don't create /servers/socket/1 & co: runsystem does that on first boot.
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;; TODO: Set the 'gnu.translator' extended attribute for passive translator
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;; settings?
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)
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(define %host-qemu-ipv4-address
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(inet-pton AF_INET "10.0.2.10"))
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(define* (configure-qemu-networking #:optional (interface "eth0"))
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"Setup the INTERFACE network interface and /etc/resolv.conf according to
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QEMU's default networking settings (see net/slirp.c in QEMU for default
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networking values.) Return #t if INTERFACE is up, #f otherwise."
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(display "configuring QEMU networking...\n")
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(let* ((sock (socket AF_INET SOCK_STREAM 0))
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(address (make-socket-address AF_INET %host-qemu-ipv4-address 0))
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(flags (network-interface-flags sock interface)))
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(set-network-interface-address sock interface address)
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(set-network-interface-flags sock interface (logior flags IFF_UP))
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;; Hello! We used to create /etc/resolv.conf here, with "nameserver
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;; 10.0.2.3\n". However, with Linux-libre 3.16, we're getting ENOSPC.
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;; And since it's actually unnecessary, it's gone.
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(logand (network-interface-flags sock interface) IFF_UP)))
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(define (device-number major minor)
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"Return the device number for the device with MAJOR and MINOR, for use as
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the last argument of `mknod'."
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(+ (* major 256) minor))
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(define (pidof program)
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"Return the PID of the first presumed instance of PROGRAM."
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(let ((program (basename program)))
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(find (lambda (pid)
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(let ((exe (format #f "/proc/~a/exe" pid)))
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(and=> (false-if-exception (readlink exe))
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(compose (cut string=? program <>) basename))))
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(filter-map string->number (scandir "/proc")))))
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(define* (mount-root-file-system root type
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#:key volatile-root? (flags 0) options)
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"Mount the root file system of type TYPE at device ROOT. If VOLATILE-ROOT? is
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true, mount ROOT read-only and make it an overlay with a writable tmpfs using
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the kernel built-in overlayfs. FLAGS and OPTIONS indicates the options to use
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to mount ROOT, and behave the same as for the `mount' procedure."
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(if volatile-root?
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(begin
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(mkdir-p "/real-root")
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(mount root "/real-root" type (logior MS_RDONLY flags) options)
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(mkdir-p "/rw-root")
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(mount "none" "/rw-root" "tmpfs")
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;; Create the upperdir and the workdir of the overlayfs
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(mkdir-p "/rw-root/upper")
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(mkdir-p "/rw-root/work")
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;; We want read-write /dev nodes.
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(mkdir-p "/rw-root/upper/dev")
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(mount "none" "/rw-root/upper/dev" "devtmpfs")
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;; Make /root an overlay of the tmpfs and the actual root.
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(mount "none" "/root" "overlay" 0
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"lowerdir=/real-root,upperdir=/rw-root/upper,workdir=/rw-root/work"))
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(begin
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(check-file-system root type)
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(mount root "/root" type flags options)))
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;; Make sure /root/etc/mtab is a symlink to /proc/self/mounts.
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(false-if-exception
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(delete-file "/root/etc/mtab"))
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(mkdir-p "/root/etc")
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(symlink "/proc/self/mounts" "/root/etc/mtab"))
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(define (switch-root root)
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"Switch to ROOT as the root file system, in a way similar to what
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util-linux' switch_root(8) does."
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(move-essential-file-systems root)
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(chdir root)
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;; Since we're about to 'rm -rf /', try to make sure we're on an initrd.
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;; TODO: Use 'statfs' to check the fs type, like klibc does.
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(when (or (not (file-exists? "/init")) (directory-exists? "/home"))
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(format (current-error-port)
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"The root file system is probably not an initrd; \
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bailing out.~%root contents: ~s~%" (scandir "/"))
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(force-output (current-error-port))
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(exit 1))
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;; Delete files from the old root, without crossing mount points (assuming
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;; there are no mount points in sub-directories.) That means we're leaving
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;; the empty ROOT directory behind us, but that's OK.
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(let ((root-device (stat:dev (stat "/"))))
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(for-each (lambda (file)
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(unless (member file '("." ".."))
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(let* ((file (string-append "/" file))
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(device (stat:dev (lstat file))))
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(when (= device root-device)
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(delete-file-recursively file)))))
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(scandir "/")))
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;; Make ROOT the new root.
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(mount root "/" "" MS_MOVE)
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(chroot ".")
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(chdir "/")
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(when (file-exists? "/dev/console")
|
||
;; Close the standard file descriptors since they refer to the old
|
||
;; /dev/console, and reopen them.
|
||
(let ((console (open-file "/dev/console" "r+b0")))
|
||
(for-each close-fdes '(0 1 2))
|
||
|
||
(dup2 (fileno console) 0)
|
||
(dup2 (fileno console) 1)
|
||
(dup2 (fileno console) 2)
|
||
|
||
(close-port console))))
|
||
|
||
|
||
(define* (boot-system #:key
|
||
(linux-modules '())
|
||
linux-module-directory
|
||
keymap-file
|
||
qemu-guest-networking?
|
||
volatile-root?
|
||
pre-mount
|
||
(mounts '())
|
||
(on-error 'debug))
|
||
"This procedure is meant to be called from an initrd. Boot a system by
|
||
first loading LINUX-MODULES (a list of module names) from
|
||
LINUX-MODULE-DIRECTORY, then installing KEYMAP-FILE with 'loadkeys' (if
|
||
KEYMAP-FILE is true), then setting up QEMU guest networking if
|
||
QEMU-GUEST-NETWORKING? is true, calling PRE-MOUNT, mounting the file systems
|
||
specified in MOUNTS, and finally booting into the new root if any. The initrd
|
||
supports kernel command-line options '--load', '--root', and '--repl'.
|
||
|
||
Mount the root file system, specified by the '--root' command-line argument,
|
||
if any.
|
||
|
||
MOUNTS must be a list of <file-system> objects.
|
||
|
||
When VOLATILE-ROOT? is true, the root file system is writable but any changes
|
||
to it are lost.
|
||
|
||
ON-ERROR is passed to 'call-with-error-handling'; it determines what happens
|
||
upon error."
|
||
(define (root-mount-point? fs)
|
||
(string=? (file-system-mount-point fs) "/"))
|
||
|
||
(define root-fs-type
|
||
(or (any (lambda (fs)
|
||
(and (root-mount-point? fs)
|
||
(file-system-type fs)))
|
||
mounts)
|
||
"ext4"))
|
||
|
||
(define root-fs-flags
|
||
(mount-flags->bit-mask (or (any (lambda (fs)
|
||
(and (root-mount-point? fs)
|
||
(file-system-flags fs)))
|
||
mounts)
|
||
'())))
|
||
|
||
(define root-fs-options
|
||
(any (lambda (fs)
|
||
(and (root-mount-point? fs)
|
||
(file-system-options fs)))
|
||
mounts))
|
||
|
||
(display "Welcome, this is GNU's early boot Guile.\n")
|
||
(display "Use '--repl' for an initrd REPL.\n\n")
|
||
|
||
(call-with-error-handling
|
||
(lambda ()
|
||
(mount-essential-file-systems)
|
||
(let* ((args (linux-command-line))
|
||
(to-load (find-long-option "--load" args))
|
||
(root (find-long-option "--root" args)))
|
||
|
||
(when (member "--repl" args)
|
||
(start-repl))
|
||
|
||
(display "loading kernel modules...\n")
|
||
(load-linux-modules-from-directory linux-modules
|
||
linux-module-directory)
|
||
|
||
(when keymap-file
|
||
(let ((status (system* "loadkeys" keymap-file)))
|
||
(unless (zero? status)
|
||
;; Emit a warning rather than abort when we cannot load
|
||
;; KEYMAP-FILE.
|
||
(format (current-error-port)
|
||
"warning: 'loadkeys' exited with status ~a~%"
|
||
status))))
|
||
|
||
(when qemu-guest-networking?
|
||
(unless (configure-qemu-networking)
|
||
(display "network interface is DOWN\n")))
|
||
|
||
;; Prepare the real root file system under /root.
|
||
(unless (file-exists? "/root")
|
||
(mkdir "/root"))
|
||
|
||
(when (procedure? pre-mount)
|
||
;; Do whatever actions are needed before mounting the root file
|
||
;; system--e.g., installing device mappings. Error out when the
|
||
;; return value is false.
|
||
(unless (pre-mount)
|
||
(error "pre-mount actions failed")))
|
||
|
||
(setenv "EXT2FS_NO_MTAB_OK" "1")
|
||
|
||
(if root
|
||
;; The "--root=SPEC" kernel command-line option always provides a
|
||
;; string, but the string can represent a device, a UUID, or a
|
||
;; label. So check for all three.
|
||
(let ((device-spec (cond ((string-prefix? "/" root) root)
|
||
((uuid root) => identity)
|
||
((string-contains root ":/") #f) ; nfs
|
||
(else (file-system-label root)))))
|
||
(mount-root-file-system (if device-spec
|
||
(canonicalize-device-spec device-spec)
|
||
root)
|
||
root-fs-type
|
||
#:volatile-root? volatile-root?
|
||
#:flags root-fs-flags
|
||
#:options root-fs-options))
|
||
(mount "none" "/root" "tmpfs"))
|
||
|
||
;; Mount the specified file systems.
|
||
(for-each mount-file-system
|
||
(remove root-mount-point? mounts))
|
||
|
||
(setenv "EXT2FS_NO_MTAB_OK" #f)
|
||
|
||
(if to-load
|
||
(begin
|
||
(switch-root "/root")
|
||
(format #t "loading '~a'...\n" to-load)
|
||
|
||
(primitive-load to-load)
|
||
|
||
(format (current-error-port)
|
||
"boot program '~a' terminated, rebooting~%"
|
||
to-load)
|
||
(sleep 2)
|
||
(reboot))
|
||
(begin
|
||
(display "no boot file passed via '--load'\n")
|
||
(display "entering a warm and cozy REPL\n")
|
||
(start-repl)))))
|
||
#:on-error on-error))
|
||
|
||
;;; linux-initrd.scm ends here
|